中文摘要：
  改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力大規(guī)模轉(zhuǎn)移和城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)的持續(xù)擴(kuò)大，使城鄉(xiāng)居民從就業(yè)收入的增長(zhǎng)中分享了高速經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的成果。與此同時(shí)，由于社會(huì)發(fā)展相對(duì)滯后于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，對(duì)普通勞動(dòng)者和家庭的社會(huì)保護(hù)機(jī)制尚不健全。隨著劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)的到來(lái)，一方面，居民大大提高了對(duì)更加充分、均等的社會(huì)保護(hù)的制度需求；另一方面，一直以來(lái)政府推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的激勵(lì)，正在轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樘峁└?、更好、更均等的公共服?wù)，進(jìn)而加強(qiáng)對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)居民社會(huì)保護(hù)的激勵(lì)。從勞動(dòng)立法、勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)制度建設(shè)、社會(huì)保障體系的包容性以及戶籍制度改革等角度進(jìn)行的經(jīng)驗(yàn)分析，驗(yàn)證了政府特別是地方政府對(duì)劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)到來(lái)的政策反應(yīng)。在對(duì)未來(lái)一段時(shí)期公共政策走向進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)，并概括關(guān)于公共政策乃至政府職能重點(diǎn)向社會(huì)保護(hù)轉(zhuǎn)變的若干特征性事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上，作者給出了提高地方財(cái)政能力等相應(yīng)配套改革的政策建議。
英文摘要：
  (8)The Lewis Turning Point and the Reorientation of Public Policies: Some Stylized Facts of Social Protection in ChinaCai Fang·125· Mass ruraltourban migration and expansion of urban employment have enabled Chinese people to increase their income and participate in Chinas economic growth. While the pace of growth has been fast, social development has lagged behind. This phenomenon has left ordinary workers and their households socially less protected during the transition of the Chinese economy. This paper argues that as the Lewis turning point is reached, the incentives driving government policy have changed. As citizens voice strong demands for equitable public services, the Chinese governments focus on stimulating economic growth in the reform period before the turning point has shifted to supplying better public services. Consequently, not only has social protection been strengthened, but the function of government has been transformed from an economic growthorientation to a public serviceorientation. It then offers an empirical test of this verdict by narrating the experiences of laborrelated legislation, formation of labor market institutions, more inclusive social security building, and hukou system reform during the turning point.